{"id":5213,"date":"2023-10-16T23:45:09","date_gmt":"2023-10-16T16:45:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mhgvietnam.com\/?p=5213"},"modified":"2023-10-16T23:45:14","modified_gmt":"2023-10-16T16:45:14","slug":"ban-can-hoc-bao-nhieu-ngon-ngu-lap-trinh-de-tro-thanh-developer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mhgvietnam.com\/en\/ban-can-hoc-bao-nhieu-ngon-ngu-lap-trinh-de-tro-thanh-developer\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ea1n C\u1ea7n H\u1ecdc Bao Nhi\u00eau Ng\u00f4n Ng\u1eef L\u1eadp Tr\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ec3 Tr\u1edf Th\u00e0nh Developer?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng t\u0103ng l\u00ean. V\u00ec v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ai mu\u1ed1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c g\u1ee3i \u00fd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n cho s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n

Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng “ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef” \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ed1, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng quy t\u1eafc ri\u00eang m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0o?<\/h2>\n

Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh ba lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh: ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u00e1y, h\u1ee3p ng\u1eef v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh b\u1eadc cao.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n

    Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u00e1y (machine language): \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c. N\u00f3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng m\u00e3 nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u00e1y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  2. \n

    H\u1ee3p ng\u1eef (assembly language): H\u1ee3p ng\u1eef l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh b\u1eadc th\u1ea5p. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i vi x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ee3p d\u1ecbch, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ee3p ng\u1eef v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  3. \n

    Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh b\u1eadc cao (high-level programming language): \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay. C\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh b\u1eadc cao nh\u01b0 C, C++, Java, Pascal, PHP, v.v., c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, d\u1ec5 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Ngo\u00e0i ra, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0: tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh, h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

    \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh<\/h2>\n

    Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng Android\/iOS, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf giao di\u1ec7n website v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n n\u1eefa. S\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 t\u00ednh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng cao c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang tr\u1edf n\u00ean ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

    Top ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay<\/h2>\n

    D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \n

      Python: Python l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef d\u1ec5 h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi h\u1ecdc l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    2. \n

      Ruby: Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 Python, Ruby c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef d\u1ec5 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    3. \n

      Pascal: Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0y ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh tin h\u1ecdc cho h\u1ecdc sinh c\u1ea5p 2, c\u1ea5p 3.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    4. \n

      C: L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, C \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh UNIX v\u00e0 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc cho vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    5. \n

      C#: C# l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Microsoft, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web, desktop v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 VR, 2D v\u00e0 3D.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    6. \n

      C++: C++ \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    7. \n

      Objective-C: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a Apple, Objective-C l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau th\u00edch nh\u1ea5t trong g\u1ea7n 10 n\u0103m qua.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    8. \n

      Java: Java l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    9. \n

      JavaScript: JavaScript l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef d\u1ec5 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n web.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    10. \n

      Swift: Swift \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean iOS v\u00e0 Mac OS.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    11. \n

      SQL: SQL \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy v\u1ea5n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    12. \n

      PHP: PHP l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n website ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110\u1eebng qu\u00e1 lo l\u1eafng, h\u00e3y b\u1eaft tay v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng trau d\u1ed3i ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p cho b\u1ea1n nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c b\u1ed5 \u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng t\u0103ng l\u00ean. V\u00ec v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ai mu\u1ed1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6291,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5213","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cong-nghe"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mhgvietnam.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5213","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mhgvietnam.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mhgvietnam.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mhgvietnam.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mhgvietnam.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5213"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/mhgvietnam.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5213\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6292,"href":"https:\/\/mhgvietnam.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5213\/revisions\/6292"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mhgvietnam.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6291"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mhgvietnam.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5213"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mhgvietnam.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5213"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mhgvietnam.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5213"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}